Insulation in Irvine, CA
A Home Energy Audit in Irvine typically costs $300-$600 and reveals whether your attic’s original insulation - installed to 1970s or 1980s energy codes - is costing you hundreds in summer cooling bills. Because Irvine sits 10-15°F hotter than the coast and was built in concentrated village clusters with identical construction vintages, we can predict exactly what we’ll find in Woodbridge versus Portola Springs before we arrive. Call (657) 279-1249 to schedule yours; estimates are free.
Why Irvine Homes Are Different
Irvine’s master-planned village structure creates a retrofit market unlike anywhere else in Orange County. In Woodbridge, University Park, and Turtle Rock, entire cul-de-sacs were built with the same R-19 fiberglass batts that have compressed and degraded over 40-50 years. We regularly pull attic samples in these neighborhoods that measure well below current Title 24 requirements.
The inland heat is the other factor. Summer temperatures in the Irvine Valley hit 95-105°F, and Santa Ana wind events push attic temperatures past 140°F. Unlike coastal Newport Beach, where moderate temperatures mask envelope flaws, Irvine homes punish poor insulation with measurable cooling-cost spikes. Mild winters mean there’s no heating-season relief; the work is about summer survival.
HOA-controlled townhome villages add complexity. In Woodbridge and Northwood, shared party-wall construction means attic jobs frequently uncover top-plate bypasses venting conditioned air directly into a neighbor’s attic - a failure mode tied to the Irvine Company’s multi-unit templates of that era. Exterior work requires architectural review board approval before we start.
Our Main Irvine Services
Most Irvine homeowners call us about attic work and dense-pack upgrades. These three services have dedicated Irvine pages with deeper detail:
Attic Insulation in Irvine
In older villages, we find identical attic profiles: original fiberglass batts compressed to R-11 or less, top plates leaking conditioned air, and can lights creating thermal bypasses. We seal first, then insulate - always in that order - and publish before-and-after blower-door numbers so you see the actual performance change. Attic Insulation in Irvine covers village-specific retrofit strategies and Title 24 compliance paths.
Spray Foam Insulation in Irvine
Open-cell and closed-cell spray foam work best in Irvine’s newer construction and custom homes where framing cavities are accessible and moisture management is critical. Closed-cell at R-6.5 per inch handles the valley’s heat load in limited spaces; open-cell fills irregular attic rooflines common in Great Park Neighborhoods. We source from Icynene and Demilec with no proprietary lock-in. Spray Foam Insulation in Irvine details application-specific guidance.
Blown-In Insulation in Irvine
Blown-in cellulose or fiberglass is the standard retrofit for Woodbridge and Turtle Rock attics where we’re adding R-30 to R-38 over sealed top plates. The material conforms to irregular joist bays and covers the gaps batts always miss. We use Owens Corning and GreenFiber products, installed to density specs that prevent settlement. Blown-In Insulation in Irvine explains our dense-pack method for Irvine’s specific joist spacing.
What happens when you call
- 1
A real person answersNo phone trees - you reach a local pro.
- 2
You get an upfront price rangeHonest numbers before anyone is dispatched.
- 3
A background-checked tech heads outLicensed & insured, dispatched right away.
- 4
You approve before work beginsNothing starts until you say go.
Before
AfterHome Energy Audit in Irvine
A Home Energy Audit in Irvine starts with the village. In Woodbridge, we know before arrival that we’ll likely find R-19 batts compressed to R-12, unsealed top plates, and ductwork running through 140°F attics. In Portola Springs, the audit shifts to fine-tuning: the envelope was built to modern Title 24, but we still find bypasses around fireplace chases and missing insulation over garage ceilings. The audit gives you a written scope with prioritized fixes and exact pricing before any work begins - Haven Standard Clause 1.
Blower Door Test
Signs you need it
Your PG&E bills spike every July and August despite a newer HVAC system, or rooms on the second floor of your Irvine home never cool evenly with the rest of the house.
What it costs in Irvine
A blower-door test as part of a full Home Energy Audit runs $300-$600 in Irvine; standalone testing for diagnostic purposes typically falls between $250-$450.
How we do it
We mount a calibrated fan in an exterior door, depressurize the house to 50 Pascals, and measure CFM50 - the cubic feet of air leaking per minute at that pressure - then use smoke pencils and thermal imaging to locate each leak path before writing the scope.
Thermal Imaging Inspection
Signs you need it
Your Irvine home has hot second-floor ceilings in summer, cold drywall corners in winter, or you’ve never had infrared documentation of your insulation’s actual coverage.
What it costs in Irvine
Thermal imaging included in a full audit is $300-$600 total; add-on imaging for a specific suspected issue like a party-wall bypass runs $200-$350.
How we do it
We scan interior and attic surfaces with a FLIR camera during controlled temperature differential conditions, mark thermal bridges and missing insulation on photos, and include those images in your documented record.
What Home Energy Audit Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Full Home Energy Audit (blower door + thermal imaging + insulation inspection) | $300 - $600 |
| Standalone Blower Door Test | $250 - $450 |
| Thermal Imaging Add-On | $200 - $350 |
How long does a Home Energy Audit take in Irvine?
Most audits take 2.5 to 4 hours depending on home size and attic accessibility; we schedule morning starts in summer to catch the best thermal imaging conditions before attic temperatures peak. You’ll receive the written scope and pricing within 24 hours.
Will an audit find problems in my newer Irvine home?
Yes - even Portola Springs and Great Park homes built to Title 24 regularly show fireplace chase bypasses, garage ceiling gaps, and duct leakage that the original insulation contractor missed. Call (657) 279-1249 to book; estimates are free.
Crawl Space Encapsulation & Vapor Barrier in Irvine
Crawl space encapsulation in Irvine addresses a specific coastal-inland moisture pattern: the city’s mild winters and dry summers mask year-round ground vapor rising through dirt crawl spaces, especially in older village homes with original foundation vents that were designed to “breathe” but actually import humid air. In Woodbridge and Northwood townhomes with shared crawl areas, we frequently find neighbor-to-neighbor vapor migration that a standalone vapor barrier won’t stop.
Crawl Space Vapor Barrier
Signs you need it
Your crawl space dirt floor is damp in spring, your first-floor hardwood shows cupping, or you smell mustiness that HVAC ductwork is pulling from below.
What it costs in Irvine
A 6-mil to 20-mil vapor barrier installation in an Irvine crawl space typically runs $1,500-$3,500 depending on square footage, pier count, and whether we seal to foundation walls or piers only.
How we do it
We grade the floor, lay overlapping polyethylene sheets sealed with tape and mastic at all seams, extend 6 inches up foundation walls, and mechanical-fasten to piers so the barrier stays intact during future plumbing or electrical work.
Crawl Space Encapsulation
Signs you need it
You’re in an older Irvine village with vented crawl space construction, you’ve had rodent activity below, or your HVAC ducts run through a space that hits 85% relative humidity in winter.
What it costs in Irvine
Full encapsulation with closed-cell spray foam on walls, sealed vents, and conditioned air supply in Irvine runs $4,000-$8,500 for typical 1,200-2,000 square foot crawl spaces.
How we do it
We remove debris and old insulation, seal all vents, apply closed-cell foam to foundation walls, install the vapor barrier floor system, add a dehumidistat-controlled exhaust or supply air connection, and document the before-and-after humidity readings.
What Crawl Space Encapsulation & Vapor Barrier Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Vapor Barrier Installation (6-20 mil) | $1,500 - $3,500 |
| Full Encapsulation with Closed-Cell Foam | $4,000 - $8,500 |
| Crawl Space Cleanout & Prep | $500 - $1,200 |
Do I need encapsulation or just a vapor barrier in Irvine?
For most Irvine dirt-floor crawl spaces with active vents, a vapor barrier alone handles the ground moisture; full encapsulation becomes necessary when ducts run through the space or when winter humidity consistently exceeds 70%. Call (657) 279-1249 and we’ll diagnose which applies.
Can you work in HOA townhome crawl spaces?
Yes, though Woodbridge and Northwood shared crawl areas require coordination with neighboring units and HOA notification; we document shared-wall conditions and include neighbor-notification language in our written scope.
Radiant Barrier Installation in Irvine
Radiant barrier installation in Irvine targets the specific physics of inland attic heat: with summer attic temperatures reaching 140-160°F, radiant heat transfer from roof decking to ductwork and ceiling drywall becomes the dominant cooling load, not conductive loss through insulation. In older villages where we’ve already upgraded attic insulation to R-38, a radiant barrier is often the next highest-ROI improvement because it blocks the heat before it enters the insulation layer.
Attic Radiant Barrier
Signs you need it
Your Irvine home’s ducts run through a vented attic, your upstairs rooms peak 8-12°F above the thermostat setpoint in August, or you’ve already added insulation without seeing proportional bill reduction.
What it costs in Irvine
Attic radiant barrier installation in Irvine typically runs $1,200-$2,800 for a 2,000-3,000 square foot home, depending on attic complexity and whether we drape over rafters or staple to roof decking.
How we do it
We install perforated foil-faced radiant barrier across rafter bottoms or roof decking, maintaining the required 3/4-inch air gap for reflectivity to function, and verify with surface-temperature readings before and after.
Radiant Barrier Roof Deck
Signs you need it
You’re re-roofing an older Irvine home and want to address radiant heat at the source rather than treating symptoms in the attic below.
What it costs in Irvine
Radiant barrier roof-deck application during re-roofing in Irvine adds $800-$1,800 to the roofing scope, or $1,500-$3,200 as a standalone retrofit with decking access.
How we do it
We apply foil-faced sheathing or radiant barrier paint to the roof deck interior, working from the attic with decking removal and replacement where necessary, and document surface-temperature reduction with infrared readings.
What Radiant Barrier Installation Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Attic Radiant Barrier (rafter-draped or deck-stapled) | $1,200 - $2,800 |
| Radiant Barrier Roof Deck (retrofit) | $1,500 - $3,200 |
| Radiant Barrier During Re-Roofing | $800 - $1,800 |
Does radiant barrier work with existing attic insulation?
Yes - it works best with existing insulation by blocking radiant heat before it reaches the insulation, which slows conductive transfer; we install it after air sealing and before adding any new insulation layer. Call (657) 279-1249 for a free assessment of your attic’s heat-transfer profile.
How much will my cooling bills drop?
In Irvine’s climate, a properly installed radiant barrier typically reduces attic heat transfer by 20-35%, with cooling-bill reductions of 5-15% depending on duct location and existing insulation level; we measure actual attic surface temperatures before and after so you see the change.
Insulation Removal & Replacement in Irvine
Insulation removal and replacement in Irvine is most common in the 1970s-1980s villages where original fiberglass has compressed, been disturbed by prior trades, or contaminated by rodent activity. In Woodbridge specifically, we’ve removed insulation from entire cul-de-sacs where the original R-19 batts had settled to R-10 or less, with decades of dust and debris accumulation that new insulation should never be laid over. The replacement spec depends on what the attic will be used for and whether we’re also air sealing and upgrading to current Title 24.
Attic Insulation Removal
Signs you need it
Your Irvine attic has compressed, discolored fiberglass batts, visible rodent droppings, or multiple layers of mismatched insulation from prior partial upgrades.
What it costs in Irvine
Attic insulation removal in Irvine runs $1.00-$2.50 per square foot, or $1,500-$4,000 for a typical 1,500-2,500 square foot home with standard debris loads.
How we do it
We set up negative-air containment, remove all existing material with HEPA-filtered vacuums, bag and dispose per California waste codes, inspect decking and top plates for damage or leaks, and document the clean attic with photos before quoting replacement.
Contaminated Insulation Removal
Signs you need it
You’ve had rodents, raccoons, or significant roof leaks in your Irvine attic, or you smell ammonia or mold when the HVAC runs and suspect bio-contaminated insulation.
What it costs in Irvine
Contaminated insulation removal with full PPE, HEPA containment, and sanitizing in Irvine typically runs $2,000-$5,500 depending on contamination extent and whether decking needs treatment or replacement.
How we do it
We erect sealed containment, use OSHA-compliant respiratory protection, remove contaminated material, apply enzyme-based sanitizer to decking and framing, verify with ATP swab testing if required, and provide documentation for insurance or HOA records.
What Insulation Removal & Replacement Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Standard Attic Insulation Removal | $1,500 - $4,000 |
| Contaminated Insulation Removal & Sanitizing | $2,000 - $5,500 |
| Insulation Replacement (after removal, blown-in R-38) | $2,500 - $5,000 |
Can I just add new insulation over old in my Irvine attic?
We don’t recommend it - compressed or contaminated base layers reduce the effective R-value of new material, and we can’t seal top plates or penetrations without full access; removal lets us document the condition and start from a clean, sealed surface. Call (657) 279-1249 for a free second opinion on any estimate suggesting overlay.
How long does removal and replacement take?
Most Irvine attic removals finish in one day, with replacement scheduled the following day once we’ve inspected and written the scope; contaminated jobs may need an additional sanitizing day before new insulation goes in.
Attic Air Sealing in Irvine
Attic air sealing in Irvine is the foundation of every insulation job we do - we will never blow new material over an unsealed attic floor. In the city’s older villages, the combination of unsealed top plates, can-light penetrations, and duct-boot gaps creates a chimney effect that pulls conditioned air into the attic at rates we measure at 3,000-5,000 CFM50 before sealing. The mild winter means homeowners don’t feel the heating loss, but the summer cooling penalty is immediate and expensive when 55°F supply air leaks into a 150°F attic.
Attic Floor Air Sealing
Signs you need it
Your Irvine home’s rooms are unevenly cooled, your PG&E summer bills exceed $400 for a 2,000 square foot home, or a prior blower-door test showed CFM50 above 3,000.
What it costs in Irvine
Attic floor air sealing - top plates, wire penetrations, partition walls, and plumbing stacks - typically runs $800-$2,000 in Irvine homes with accessible attics and standard framing density.
How we do it
We map every penetration with smoke pencils under blower-door depressurization, seal with fire-rated caulk and expanding foam, install rigid foam baffles at eaves for ventilation continuity, and retest to document CFM50 reduction.
Can Light & Duct Boot Sealing
Signs you need it
Your Irvine home has recessed can lights in ceilings below the attic, flexible duct boots that have pulled away from drywall, or you feel conditioned air dumping into the attic during HVAC operation.
What it costs in Irvine
Can-light sealing with pre-approved covers and duct-boot reconnection in Irvine runs $150-$350 per fixture or boot, with most homes needing 4-12 locations addressed.
How we do it
We install fire-rated airtight covers over IC and non-IC cans, seal with mastic and mesh tape, reconnect duct boots with mechanical fasteners and sealed collars, and verify each location with smoke testing under blower-door pressure.
What Attic Air Sealing Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Attic Floor Air Sealing (full top plate and penetration package) | $800 - $2,000 |
| Can Light Sealing (per fixture) | $150 - $350 |
| Duct Boot Sealing & Reconnection (per boot) | $150 - $350 |
Do you air seal before or after insulation in Irvine?
Always before - Haven Standard requires sealed first, then insulated; we have never and will never blow insulation over an unsealed attic floor because it buries the leaks and makes future access impossible. Call (657) 279-1249 and we’ll show you the blower-door numbers that prove why.
Will air sealing alone lower my bills?
In Irvine’s climate, air sealing typically reduces cooling load by 15-25% before any insulation is added, because it stops the direct loss of 55°F conditioned air into a 150°F attic; we document the CFM50 before and after so you see the exact reduction.
Wall Insulation in Irvine
Wall insulation in Irvine addresses a specific gap in the city’s housing stock: the original stucco-clad Irvine Company construction used 2×4 framing with R-11 or R-13 batts that have settled and created thermal bridges, while the stucco itself provides no insulating value. In older villages, exterior walls are often the weakest envelope component after the attic is addressed, with infrared scans showing 15-20°F surface temperature differences between stud bays and insulated cavities. HOA-controlled townhomes in Woodbridge and Northwood present additional constraints: exterior work requires board approval, so we frequently use interior injection methods.
Injection Foam Wall Insulation
Signs you need it
Your Irvine home’s exterior walls feel hot to the touch in summer, you have no insulation in garage-adjacent walls, or HOA rules prevent exterior drilling and stucco repair.
What it costs in Irvine
Injection foam wall insulation in Irvine runs $3.00-$6.00 per square foot of wall area, or $2,500-$6,000 for a typical 1,500-2,500 square foot home with accessible framing.
How we do it
We drill 5/8-inch holes between studs from the interior, inject slow-rise foam under controlled pressure to fill the cavity without bowing drywall, patch and texture-match the holes, and verify fill with thermal imaging from the exterior.
Drill & Fill Wall Insulation
Signs you need it
Your Irvine home has empty or poorly filled wall cavities, you’re remodeling and have drywall access, or prior insulation has settled below the top plate leaving a 12-inch uninsulated band.
What it costs in Irvine
Drill-and-fill with blown fiberglass or cellulose in Irvine costs $2.00-$4.50 per square foot, with garage and addition walls at the lower end and two-story interior walls at the higher end due to access complexity.
How we do it
We drill at stud-bay centerlines, probe to confirm cavity depth and obstructions, dense-pack to 3.5 pounds per cubic foot for cellulose or manufacturer-spec for fiberglass, seal holes with fire-rated foam and matching texture, and document density with core samples where accessible.
What Wall Insulation Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Injection Foam (interior access, per sq ft) | $3.00 - $6.00 |
| Drill & Fill Blown Insulation (per sq ft) | $2.00 - $4.50 |
| Exterior Wall Insulation (full removal and replacement with access) | $4.00 - $8.00 |
Can you insulate walls without removing drywall in Irvine?
Yes - injection foam and drill-and-fill methods work through small interior holes that we patch and texture-match; for HOA townhomes where exterior work is restricted, this is often the only viable path. Call (657) 279-1249 to assess your wall cavity access.
Do walls matter if my attic is already insulated?
In Irvine’s climate, uninsulated or under-insulated walls can account for 25-35% of cooling load even with a well-insulated attic, because the sun beats directly on west and south stucco surfaces all afternoon; we measure this with thermal imaging to show you the specific wall contribution.
Attic Cleaning & Rodent Proofing in Irvine
Attic cleaning and rodent proofing in Irvine is concentrated in the older villages where mature tree canopy, original construction gaps, and decades of insulation degradation have created habitat conditions. In Woodbridge and Turtle Rock, we find Norway rat and roof rat activity in attics with unsealed eave returns, deteriorated vent screens, and fiberglass batts that rodents have nested in for years. The work is never just cleaning - it’s exclusion, sanitizing, and proofing so the problem doesn’t repeat, followed by insulation replacement when contamination warrants it.
Attic Cleanout & Sanitizing
Signs you need it
Your Irvine attic has visible droppings, urine stains on drywall ceilings, compressed insulation trails, or you hear scratching in walls or ceilings at dawn and dusk.
What it costs in Irvine
Attic cleanout with debris removal, HEPA vacuuming, and enzyme sanitizing in Irvine runs $1,200-$3,000 for typical 1,000-2,000 square foot attics with moderate contamination.
How we do it
We remove all contaminated insulation and debris, HEPA-vacuum every surface, apply enzyme-based sanitizer to break down organic material, install new baffles and vent screening, and provide before-and-after photos with a written scope for any follow-up insulation work.
Rodent Proofing & Exclusion
Signs you need it
you’ve had recurring rodent activity in your Irvine attic despite trapping, you see gnaw marks on eave returns or fascia, or neighbors in your village have reported similar problems.
What it costs in Irvine
Rodent proofing with exclusion screening, hardware cloth, and sealant application in Irvine typically runs $800-$2,500 depending on entry-point count, roof complexity, and whether we need to fabricate custom flashing for tile or stucco transitions.
How we do it
We inspect every eave return, vent, pipe penetration, and roof junction with motion-activated cameras if needed, seal all entry points 1/4-inch and larger with rodent-proof materials, install chew-resistant vent covers, and provide a 365-Day Done Right Promise on the exclusion work.
What Attic Cleaning & Rodent Proofing Costs in Irvine
| Item | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Attic Cleanout & Sanitizing | $1,200 - $3,000 |
| Rodent Proofing & Exclusion | $800 - $2,500 |
| Attic Restoration (cleanout + proofing + new insulation) | $3,500 - $8,000 |
How do I know if rodents have damaged my insulation?
Look for compressed trails through fiberglass, dark staining from urine that doesn’t vacuum out, or scattered droppings throughout the attic rather than concentrated near entry points - any of these means the insulation is compromised and should be removed before replacement. Call (657) 279-1249 for a free inspection and documented photo record.
Will rodents come back after proofing?
Our exclusion work carries the 365-Day Done Right Promise - if rodents re-enter through any location we sealed, we return and fix it at no charge; we also identify and document secondary risks like overhanging branches or neighbor-attic connections that trapping-only services miss.
Brands We Service in Irvine
We install and service insulation and air-sealing materials from Owens Corning, Johns Manville, Knauf, Rockwool, CertainTeed, Icynene, Demilec, and GreenFiber - no proprietary product lock-in means we specify what performs for your specific Irvine home and budget, not what a manufacturer requires us to sell. Most materials are stocked within two days of your written scope approval.
Pricing for Insulation in Irvine, CA
| Service | Typical range in Irvine |
|---|---|
| Home Energy Audit (full) | $300 - $600 |
| Attic Air Sealing (full floor package) | $800 - $2,000 |
| Attic Insulation Removal (standard) | $1,500 - $4,000 |
| Attic Insulation Removal (contaminated) | $2,000 - $5,500 |
| Blown-In Insulation Replacement (R-38) | $2,500 - $5,000 |
| Crawl Space Vapor Barrier | $1,500 - $3,500 |
| Crawl Space Full Encapsulation | $4,000 - $8,500 |
| Radiant Barrier Installation | $1,200 - $2,800 |
| Wall Insulation (injection foam, per sq ft) | $3.00 - $6.00 |
| Wall Insulation (drill & fill, per sq ft) | $2.00 - $4.50 |
| Attic Cleanout & Sanitizing | $1,200 - $3,000 |
| Rodent Proofing & Exclusion | $800 - $2,500 |
Prices in Irvine push higher when attics have limited access hatches, when HOA coordination requires multiple site visits for approval, or when contaminated material requires full PPE containment and specialized disposal. Every job still begins with a written price before any work starts - Haven Standard Clause 1 - and we provide free second opinions on any competing written estimate.
Neighborhoods We Serve in Irvine
We work across all Irvine villages, from the original 1970s developments to the newest Great Park construction. Most appointments are scheduled within 48 hours, with dispatch coordinated from our Los Angeles office and crews arriving from local staging.
- Woodbridge
- Turtle Rock
- University Park
- Northwood
- Portola Springs
Service Area - Cities Near Irvine
Our crews serve the full Orange County inland corridor. If you’re outside Irvine city limits, we also work in Tustin, CA, Santa Ana, CA, Orange, CA, and Villa Park, CA - each with the same written-price guarantee and documented photo record on every visit.
Serving Irvine, CA - Our Local Coverage Area
We’re based in the Irvine area and know this community well. Use the map below to see our service coverage - if you’re nearby, we can almost certainly help.
FAQs About Insulation in Irvine
Exterior-facing work in Irvine’s HOA-controlled villages - including roof-deck radiant barriers, exterior wall insulation, and any visible vent modifications - requires architectural review board approval before we start; we include HOA-notification language in every written scope and can submit documentation on your behalf.
We answer calls with a live person 24/7 and typically schedule Irvine appointments within 24-48 hours for standard work; urgent situations like post-rodent contamination or failed insulation after a roof leak get same-day assessment when health or safety is at risk.
The Irvine Company built Woodbridge, University Park, and Turtle Rock with standardized plans, materials, and energy codes across entire village phases, meaning every home in a given era shares the same R-19 batt specification, the same top-plate details, and the same 40-50 years of degradation - a predictability that lets us diagnose accurately before arriving.
What happens when you call
- 1A real person answersNo phone trees - talk to a local insulation pro.
- 2You get an upfront price rangeHonest numbers before anyone is dispatched. No surprises.
- 3A background-checked tech heads outLicensed & insured, typically within 60-minute.
- 4You approve before work beginsNothing starts until you say go.
What Irvine Customers Say
"The winter gas bill dropped by about a third. They had estimated a quarter, so they under-promised."
- Genevieve R."Two other companies quoted to blow more insulation on top of what was there. These were the only ones who said the existing material had to come out first, and explained why."
- Clifford E."They air-sealed the attic floor before insulating and showed me the blower-door number before and after. The upstairs is finally the same temperature as downstairs."
- Marisol D.